Ornaments and jewelry in ancient Egypt

 And ornaments found in all ancient and modern civilizations and the main purpose of which is to: -1. adornment and decoration, and were worn by men and women alike to show the richness of its owner and beautify and decorate his image is the same where we know that the beauty and finery Care came to man in his nature.2. magical purpose or religious where human thought that some kinds of ornaments his magic value reservations and away his evils but stopped magic effect against such amulets that give the holder the power and blessing and fortunate and good luck according to his faith which believes are therefore the ornaments have the force of magical mascot.Human has been wearing jewelry since prehistoric times where he found the (beads) or (bracelets) and (rings) or (pendants) with simple made of stone and colorful or from bone or ivory or even clay forms and that in the tombs of the Neolithic period in In Fayoum (incinerator built safety), and due to the fourth and fifth millennium BC.There was a civilization in (Badari) garlands for head or belts center made of skin and Umrah afternoon faience and used gold and copper in the jewelry industry also found a statue of a woman wearing an anklet around provided by The statues of gods in the temples wear ornaments also during the work rituals and know manifestations ornaments embossed on the walls of temples, tombs and coffins was the Costume names and lists, and there was a tradition of giving senior staff ornaments in holidays and special occasions and it happens from the balcony of manifestations of the royal palace or the temple as there was a Costume given away such decorations and medals to the commanders of the army and the senior staff, and there is also a Costume placed on animals to decorate it and guarded from evil eye and envy, or of lost and blessed such as dogs, cats, cattle, monkeys.And the evolution of wearing ornaments thereafter until it became worn as an amulet and entered into decorative elements that show the beauty of the wearer and derived ornaments materials and forms of the Egyptian environment, there was a Costume for decorating in everyday life and as an amulet to guard, protection, and it was made of gold and studded with semiprecious stones and provide clips or valves or gold wire or thin filaments.There was also a Costume for decorating and protection in the other world and her magical purposes to protect the wearer in the other world and protect his body from all evil and were made of non-precious materials somewhat like gilded wood and plaster doctrine or stone, faience or from bone, ivory and even mud it is clear that It was not possible to wear these ornaments in the world to its weight and ease of life and not to break it fits and relevance for everyday life.These ornaments are placed or prove a thread on the body and do not have clips and sometimes difficult to determine ornaments type if neighborhoods or other life so he Astaan ​​fees are for jewelers on the coffins of the Middle Kingdom, where we find that what is drawing them was a substitute for ornaments real funeral, which was paints never to stay as long as the coffin was painted or enduring fear of theft real ornaments that were already in place.2. Types of ornaments and functionsNecklaces petition: and were made of multiple rows of beads or porcelain, and its end in the form of a semi-circle and was covering the top of the chest, and there is a second type is made from beads describe in the ranks, and in separate groups, each group from the other and separated from each other different colors strips then there a third type ends from both sides is marked at the top of Falcon body instead of the end of the half circular metal or porcelain.There were necklaces funeral embossed on the walls of tombs or on papyrus was Balqlaid own exorcism recited by the priest during the development of the necklace on the body and here the priest of Isis asked to protect the deceased's Day since his burial.There are necklaces made of thin gold such as necklaces (Tutankhamun), which was in the form of Falcon (Hur), or in the form of Eagle (Nekhbet), or in the form of a combination of both to protect the King, as there was Necklaces of gold are flexion made of cut a small system in the strings or wires of gold and was studded with semiprecious stones and colored glass and other types of necklaces appeared in graves (Tanis) of the kings of the two families 22.21.Waistcoats: It is a costume worn on the chest square or rectangular or trapezoidal body, and were attached by string or thread versified by the beads.The most important of those waistcoats known about the Middle Kingdom (1900 BC) and made of gold and studded with semiprecious stones such as stone (Aljhmt) and (Garnet brown) and (feldspar) and (lapis lazuli) and (turquoise) and (Crystal Rock (f) Alaobsidian), and the vests decorated with sacred symbols and the names of kings and used dark blue, so it was a guarantee of prosperity or life or always as evidenced by the glyph them.Since the era of the modern state are beginning to see vests given to the deceased Ktmaim decorated with pictures of other life besides god worshiped by the deceased and asked to protect them, such as: (Isis) and (Osiris) and (Anubis (f) Bwaot), twigs (Isis) for the charm and (sun compound and the scarab), and here was the function of the Sadrist re-insurance and life insurance of the deceased accompany the sun god in his journey in the other world.A. bracelets and anklets:For six bracelets and anklets because of the magical power, Valosorh surrounded wrist, or worn on the arm of manufactured magic circle as well as anklets who wears at the foot, and these bracelets and anklets known in Egypt since prehistoric times, and were made of bone and the Horn of stone, wood, skin and hair then worked Glass beads in threading system, and these beads are made of stone, bone, metal or ivory, and made those bracelets and anklets then of metal and was studded with semiprecious stones or glass, and was used in everyday life dark blue to adorn or protection, or placed with the deceased in the burial chamber or depicted on the walls or on the roofs of coffins or appear in the landscape and has emulated by the same person.And bracelets of the oldest found in Egypt in historical times bracelets were found in a cemetery (drag) in (Lapidus) of the initial Dynasty.B Costume head:Costume head began Kokalal of tree branches and sticks flowers and there were strips of cloth to tie hair so as not to overhangs the hair on the face during the work, as well as for decoration, then manufactured after that of metal gold or copper, as manufactured (Wigs) of wig of braids linen or wool or hair and Zhukrvat the receipt of gold inlaid with semiprecious stones or colored glass such as that of Wreaths Bsthe (alienated) wife (Ra Hotep) or girls (Khnob Hotep) or garlands properties era State Central.(C) Ear Costume:Old earrings Egyptian wear since the Second Intermediate Period, about 1650 BC, and probably was the first to wear earrings of kings is (Thutmose IV) in 1410 BC, where it appeared from the teat authorized mummy flukes, and this earrings of gold or gold Restaurant, and the most beautiful of what was found earrings ownership of those of the King (Tutankhamun) or those displayed by the Queen (Nefertari) views her tomb in the Valley of property or King Earrings (City II) or graves (Tanis) of the kings of the two families 22.21 .D Costume fingers:Costume fingers used since prehistoric times also evolved considerably in the era of the modern state and of the most beautiful examples of the Rings is what was found in a cemetery (Tutankhamun) or in cemeteries (Tanis) to the tombs of the kings of the two families 22.21.3. mascots and symbols and their meanings:Amulets were wearing dark blue and for the purpose of protection and revoke do harm and dangers unexpected and was also used to pay for evil and witchcraft as they were supplying the bearer and good luck and blessings, therefore they Mascot manufactured body forms of sacred symbols, and was known in Egyptian language as the (Ouija), which means healing or (MCT Hao) in the sense Garrison body or (SA) and means of protection or (Nxto) and means amulet and, can or take mascot form (big snake) to extend protection to those carried by or for those who done it in a piece of jewelery .The mascot in the form of the scarab ensures the holder to help revive and help him to renew his youth and provide him with a private luck happy if they are made of stone Faience or green or blue or brown.The wear amulets to stop physical injuries or unforeseen dangers and the animals also provide Pettmaim to protect it or to increase fertility, such as beef and others, and was the mascot fingers made of stone (Alaobsidian) help to stop the evil magic act.The amulet headrest (lures) was her private mantra of the Book of the Dead No. 166, which was helping to save arrived head in the flesh, and the holy eye (and GATT) was to ensure the safety of the body and provide him with protection against the evil eye and magic (Chapter 167 of the Book of the Dead).And the ring (launch) makes a magic circle around the finger to protect it from breakage and extends from worn by force, while the mace (SPA) to ensure the prosperity of the carries, and the node (Isis) (Tate) was a help to solve your love problems, and amulet (Almnat) and which are made of beads or sometimes used as equivalent to the weight of necklaces and provide the holder strongly endurance and tranquility and was a symbol of fertility and help in childbirth and lactation linked to the god (Hathor).4. metals and stones used in the jewelry industry: -Copper is one of the oldest metals used in Egypt and was extracted from the Eastern Desert and Sinai, especially from areas (Srabit server and the cave).Gold: and was extracted from the Western Sahara from private bathrooms Valley (pottery), which connects between Qena and short area on the coast of the Red Sea and the gold was later brought from Sudan and West Asia.Silver: there were no large amounts in Egypt and was drawn from impurities or gold brought from the country's west Asia, and silver was considered more precious than gold.White Gold: a component of a mixture of about 75% gold and 22% silver and 3% copper and was mined from Egypt and imported him large amounts of the country (Bont), and is more solid than gold so it was used in the ornaments industry and covered pieces of furniture wood and doors and obelisks tops.Iron ore: it was used in the work of beads and amulets and the ancient Egyptians had noted that the metal stainless and quickly so you do Astamloh much.5. stones vaccination ornaments:Most of the stones and semi-precious stones found in the Egyptian desert and some of them imported from other countries.Turquoise (a light blue) was extracted from the Sinai (Srabit server and the Valley of the cave), but it has not been used on a large scale in ancient Egyptian ornaments.Lapis lazuli (a dark blue): Although the probability of its presence in Egypt, but he used in large quantities in the Egyptian ornaments since ancient times and is there in abundance in Mount Afghanistan-called (Dechhan) and was brought to Egypt through trade with regions of Asia Bank.Garnet (a brown and red): There are large quantities in the deserts of Egypt and the types and multiple colors.Alamathist (with violet) and used since the era of the first family in Costume King (Jr.) and found mostly in the eastern desert near Aswan and in the western desert near the (Abu Simbel).Jaspers (onyx): found in Egypt, especially in large quantities Eastern Desert.Feldspar: The blue stone is the most common light used in private in the Middle Kingdom jewelry besides ornaments found in a cemetery (Tutankhamun) and was extracted from the eastern desert.Crystal Rock: was mined from quarries (Abu Simbel) and Aswan in Western Sahara and the stained glass and faience imitate and replace the stones in place of beads industry and vaccination for (human eye) in statues.6. the importance of colors in jewelryBlue: symbolizes fertility and protection from the evil eye (envy).Green: Fertility and was used to ensure the well-being and rejuvenation, and was (scarabs) and amulets heart made of stones with green or blue to ensure fertility besides good luck and re-shape the welfare and protection.Black: It was a symbol of fertility and the color of the body (Auxerre) Lord of the Baath and the other world is black.Brown: the color of blood and life.7. different ways for manual manufacturingCemeteries and graphics temple and museum pieces are our sources to get information on how to boil the metal industry and vaccination.Discharge: method is used on the largest scale in the industry vests and belts cocks and human marvel, which was found in a cemetery (Tutankhamun) used this method and the method of micro-industry.Enamel paint: and it was known in ancient Egypt since the era of the modern state.Altkvi: and it was used in vests and Rattles, bracelets and other chips and is the use of gold drafted by the minute forms by proving gold wire feed and semi-precious or precious stones or colored glass.Granulation: and this method still raises many questions about how this industry is very small gold balls and how is welded on the surfaces of gold chips to create a humane and animal forms and different decorations